Figure 1.-- This is almost the full Freud family with father Jakob and Jakob's third wife, Amalia Nathansohn, in 1876. Freud was still a 20-year old university student. He is at the back center looking into the camera. The portrait incluses his half brothers and sisters and their families. Standing left to right: Paula, Anna, Sigmund, Emmanuel, Rosa and Marie Freud and their cousin Simon Nathanson (in uniform). Seated: Adolfine, and unidentified girl sanding betweem Adolfine and Amalia, Amalia (mother), Alexander, and Jacob Freud (father). The two yonger boys in the front are an unidentified boy and Alkexander, Sigmund's youngest brother.

Freud's family were Galician (Austrian Poland) Jews. The area was seized by the Soviets during World War II and today is part of Ukraine. Sigmund's father was Jakob Freud (1815–96), a wool merchant. He had two sons by his first wife, Emanuel (1833–1914) and Philipp (1836–1911). Jakob's family were observant Hasidic Jews. Jakob moved away from Hasidism, but not Judaism. He was a liberal Jew known for Torah study. Jakob had three wives. Freud grew up with his older half brothers and their children as well as younger brothers and sisters. Jacob's second marriage (1852–55) to Rebecca (family of origin uncertain) was childless. Freud's mother, Amalia Nathansohn, was his father's third wife and 20 years younger. They were marriued by Rabbi Isaac Noah Mannheimer (1855). Jskob struggled financially and the family lived in a small rented room, in a locksmith's house where Sigmund was born (1856). Jakob decided to move to improve his prpspects. Here we see almost the complete family just before Sigmund's half brothers moved to England.

Created: 12:58 AM 5/3/2018
Last updated: 12:58 AM 5/3/2018