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After the Revolution (1917), and the victory of the Bolsheviks in the Civil War, private businesses were nationalized. This included shops, meaning small business like photographic studios. All of this of course took some time. And we are not sure just how this progerssed. We note Russian photograph internet dealers refering to the photographs as bring taken in arcades. We are not sure what is meant by this. Arcades mean a long arched building or gallery. The British use it meaning a building that includes many shops. This we assume is what the Russians mean. There is, however, no indication that this is where studios were located before the Revolution. When private business were seized, these studios became state property. We are not sure wether the owners stayed on as state employees. Nor do we know if arcades is where photographic studios functioned during the Siviet era. The use of the term suggests that it was. So we are not sure at this time just how all this affected Russian photography. We do note that all the CDVs and other photographs identifying the studios cease. We still see obviously studio portraits, but no longer any identifying information. We suspect many of the Germans operating studios left Russia. Some may have been arrested as enemy aliens during the War. The decline of living standards in Soviet Russia means that family photography was limited. We do not see many snapshots. Most Russians could not afford a camera of their own and the expenses of film and developing. State oened photographic studios operated, but the studio sets seem very basic. This was not the case before the Revolution. Once all ythe studios were operated by the state, there wa no need
for the employees to diferentiate their shop from other studios. Rather like the Post Office. This is one of the many reasons that the Soviet sovisalist economy failed them. These very basic portraits did not change much until after World War II in the 1950s. We do not know much about the type of portraits produced by studio. We do note that even in the 1970s we see cabinet cards. In the West cabinet cards were not very common after the 1920s. For such a large country, the number of studio portrauits and family snapshots is relatively small. This changed somewhat after World War II, but the size of the photographoic record is rather small compared to Europe, a relection of the Soviet economy and the the limited consumer sector.
After the Revolution (1917), and the victory of the Bolsheviks in the Civil War, Lenin adopted War Communism. Private businesses were nationalized. This included shops, meaning small business like photographic studios. All of this of course took some time. And we are not sure just how this progressed. When private business were seized, these studios became state property. We are not sure what happened to the owners. We suspect many of the Germans operating studios left Russia. Some may have been arrested as enemy aliens during the War. The result of War Communism was the virtusl collaose of the Russian economy. Lenin's response was the New Economic Program. We are nmot sure just how far this went, such as private shops like photographic studios opening.
We note Russian photograph internet dealers refering to the photographs as bring taken in arcades. We are not sue what is meant by this. Arcades mean a long arched building or gallery. The British use it meaning a building that includes many shops. TYhe Americsannusage is more of a game area, hence the term as 'penny arcade'. This we assume is what the Russians mean. There is, however, no indication that this is where studios were located before the Revolution. Nor do we know if arcades is where photographic studios functioned during the Soviet era. The use of the term suggests that it was.
So we are not sure at this time just how all this affected Russian photography. We do note that all the CDVs and other photographs identifying the studios cease. We still see obviously studio portraits, but no longer any identifying information. The decline of living standards in Soviet Russia means that family photography was limited. We do not see many snapshots. Most Russians could not afford a camera of their own and the expenses of film and developing. State oened photographic studios operated, but the studio sets seem very basic. This was not the case before the Revolution. Once all the studios were operated by the state, there wa no need for the employees to diferentiate their shop from other studios. Rather like the Post Office. This is one of the many reasons that the Soviet socialist economy failed them. These very basic portraits did not change much until after World War II in the 1950s.
We do not know much about the type of portraits produced by studio. We note that we no longer see classic pre-War cabinet cards. And we see imported post-card back stidio portraits in the early-1920s. This is an area that we hsve noy yet pursued in derail. One matter we are sure bout is that individual studios were vmnot yet identified. We do note that even in the 1970s we see cabinet cards. In the West cabinet cards were not very common after the 1920s.
For such a large country, the number of studio portraits and family snapshots is relatively small. This changed somewhat after World War II, but the size of the photographic record is rather small compared to Europe, a relection of the Soviet economy and the the limited consumer sector.
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