Figure 1.-- There were military schools in both Austria and Hungary. This CDV shows an unidentified boy photographed in his school uniform at the Schweinester Anton studio in Güns, Hungary during 1886. We think that some regular schools required these military-styled uniforms. We do not know if it was a general requirement in Hungary or a soecific school requirement. The photograph was taken in Güns, Hungary. Güns is the German name of Köszeg. An interesting aspect is the Hungarian custom to switch the names of persons, like here Schweinester Anton, whos name was Anton Schweinester.

We are not sure what the language of instruction was before the dual monarchy was formed (1867). After the Austro Prussian War (1866), the Magyars forced the Emperor to accept a dual monarchy. This compromise was called the Ausgleich and recreated the Hapsburg Empire by setting up a Dual Monarchy--Austria-Hungary. This created two separate countries with different constitutional arrangements. They were linked in the person of a common ruler. There were some joint ministries. Each country had a separate government and parliament. The joint ministeries were Finance, Defence and Foreign Affairs. There was also a joint parliamentary body (known as the Delegations) with equal members from Hungary and Austria. Education was under the control of the Hungarian government. Thus the lnguage of instruction was Hungarian. A European reader confirms our information about language. "You are right: the language of instruction in all parts of Hungary in 1886 was Hungarian, even if there were parts with large minorities like Germans (Swabians) in the West and Romanians in Transsylvania." We note some boys wearing uniforms. We do not know yet what kind of schools these were.

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Created: 12:06 AM 3/14/2009
Last updated: 12:06 AM 3/14/2009