** Battle of Culloden 1746








Decisive Modern Battles: Culloden (1746)


Figure 1.--Culloden was the end of Scottish Jacobism. Charles Edward Stuart (Bonnie Prince Chrlie), after an offensive into England, confronted by the growing English forces, decided to withdrew back to Scotland. Much of his force deserted along the way. The final confrontation came at Culloden Moor. We are not sure bout the source of the image here.

Charles Edward Stuart (Bonnie Prince Chrlie), after an offensive into England, confronted by the growing English forces, decided to withdrew back to Scotland. Much of his force deserted along the way. The final confrontation came at Culloden Moor. The Duke of Cumberland's modern, disciplined force on April 16, 1746 defeated the undisciplined Higlanders at Culloden Moor. The actual battle lasted little more than an hour, but the English and Lowland forces proceeded to massacre what ever Higlanders they could find. The massacre lasted until nightfall. The Duke instructed his spldiers to kill every surviving clansman on the field. Some of the wounded Highlanders were even buried alive with the dead. Cumberland for weeks afterwards carried out vicious reprisals on the feeing Highlanders. Several thousand Higlanders, including women and children, are believed to have been killed. Many of those killed had nothing to do with the battle or even the Jacobite cause. The British hunted Charles as a fugitive for 5 months. He somehow managed to evade the intense efforts by the British to track him down. Despite the dangers, the Highlanders never betrayed him. Charles finally managed to escape by ship to France. A Flora MacDonald on the Scottish island of Benbecula is credited with helping him finally escape. European aarmies led by Prussia had been major innovations. These included the flintlock musket, grapeshot, effective formations, bayonets, and other innovations. The resulting fire power was on display at Culloden. Culloden is the best known battle fought in 1746, but not the most significant.










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Created: 2:57 PM 10/4/2018
Last updated: 2:57 PM 10/4/2018