Figure 1.--Some Canadian Cub and Scout groups give considerable attention to the uniform. This varies from group to group, but is generally more important than in Europe. Here is a Canadia Cun in the 1990s.

Canadian Scouts introduced Wolf Cubs in Canada at the sane tyome the program wa intriduced in Britain (1916). It would be another 14 years before Cubbing was introduced south of the border in Canada. The program and uniform as essentially copied from British Cubbing. The Cub Scout program is designed for 8-10 year old boys and focuses on six activity areas: The Natural World, Outdoors, Creative Expression, Healthy Living, Home and Community and Canada and the World. Cananadian Wolf Cub activies seem to mix a more outdoors slant then most countries with hiking, weekend camping, canoeing, and kyaking normal being reservered for Boy Scouts. Most Cub Scout programs tend to be more family and neighborhood based. We do see crafts, music, and story telling mentioned which may indicate a home base as well. Cubbing provides an oppotunity for adventure and imagination. Both are impotyant to boys this age. The advebtures are carefully developed for this age group. The activiies include: Gamesof all kinds, simple skills, sense training, outings and camp, stories, music, acting and handicrafts are all combined in the Cubbuing program.

Chronology

Canadian Scouts introduced Wolf Cubs in Canada at the same time the program was intriduced in Britain (1916). It would be another 14 years before Cubbing was introduced south of the border in Canada. The program was at essentially copied from British Cubbing. Activities of the program include hiking, camping, and what the organization refers to as "water activities", such as canoeing and kayaking. The program's states that its purpose is to encourage members to "try new and more challenging activities." We notice Cub Jamborees in the 2010s. We have no dta on menmbership and paricipation rates, but suspect trends were similr to those in the United states. The Canadian Cubs at first adopted the British Cub uniform, but gradually changed. We do not have much informztion on the changes over time. We notice an American-looking blue uniform in the 1950s. We note a shit to grey uniforms in the 1970s. One source describes full uniform consists of a grey Cub Scout shirt, khaki shorts or pants, and a neckerchief indicating the youth's group membership. By the 2010s we notice a more casual approach to uniforms with a long tan shirt that fell below the waist and was not tucked in. .

The Program

The Cub Scout program is designed for 8-10 year old boys. A early Scot publication describbed Cubbing as , " a program of fun and activity for boys 8-10 years of age. Cubbing offers boys in their own community the opportunity to: � Work and play with others. � Develop responsibility. � Increase skills in hobbies and handicrafts. ". A more recent publication tells us that Cubbing focuses on six activity areas: The Natural World, Outdoors, Creative Expression, Healthy Living, Home and Community and Canada and the World." Cananadian Wolf Cub activies seem to mix a more outdoors slant then most countries with hiking, weekend camping, canoeing, and kyaking normal being reservered for Boy Scouts. Most Cub Scout programs tend to be more family and neighborhood based. We do see crafts, music, and story telling mentioned which may indicate a home base as well. Which is understanable for a program catering to this afe group.

Promise, Law, and Motto

Promise

Before they become full members of the pack, Cubs make a promise:

I promise to do my best,

To love and serve God, to do my duty to the Queen;

To keep the law of the Wolf Cub pack,

And to do a good turn for somebody every day.

The promise is designed to assist Cubs develop a sense of self-reliance, religion, loyalty, obedience, unselfishness, and of service to others.

Law

The Cub respects the Old Wolf,

The Cub respects himself/herself.

Motto

The Cub motto is "Do Your Best".

Gender

Cubbing was at first first like the Boy Scoouts open for for boys. Similar age girls could join the Briwnies as part of the Girl Guide program. Vubbing was opened gto girls in 19??.

Age

Cubbing is for children 8 to 10 years iof age. Thuis is a little tighter than the original prohram when boys did not move on the Scouting until about 11-12 years of age.

Activities

Cubbing provides an oppotunity for adventure and imagination. Both are impotyant to boys this age. The advebtures are carefully developed for this age group. The activiies include: Gamesof all kinds, simple skills, sense training, outings and camp, stories, music, acting and handicrafts are all combined in the Cubbuing program.

Framework

Baden-Powell asked his personal friend Rudyard Kipling for permission to the use his Jungle Book as a kind of framework for the new Cubbing program. Thus the Jungle Book history and universe became a kind of a motivational theme frame for Cubbing in Canada and most other cuntries. America was an exception and Indian Lore became important. Baden-Powell wrote a new book, The Wolf Cub�s Handbook for younger boys interested in Scouting. The junior members became known as Wolf Cubs (1917). This continued for several dcades of Scouting. ScoutsCanad began adjusting the program (1960s). The Wolf Cub section began shifting its emphasis. Some changed their name from Wolf Cub to Cub Scout or something similar. Most cung to the Jungle Stories and Cub ceremony as tradition, inmcluding the use of Jungle Books names; and the Grand Howl which signals the start and end of the Cub Scout Meetings. Other units changed the name but changed the framework theme totally. Thus there is quite a bit of diversity today in Canadian Cubbing.

Ideals

Cub Scouting in Canada as in other ciountries oromoted ideals of a spiritual and character nature. This includes resonsible citizenship, respect for iothers, and personal fitness. Cub Scouting provides parents with a positive, encouraging peer group, caring and veted leaders who provide positive role models, and a group setting which appeals to the children and where values are taught to reinforce positive qualities of character.

Uniforms

Canadian cubs wore British style jumpers <<insert link to jumper page>> for years, then migrated to a regular Boy Scout uniform as shown in Figure - 1. Recently the Canadian Cub Scout uniform has changed to a grey long sleeve knit polo shirt with button flap pockets, neckerchief, and blue activity pants. The shirt looks very simular to the grey jumper used for a number years. Sixes wear a coloured triangular patch, rather than a distinctive woggle. (If brown, for example, the six is known as Brown Six.)